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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク List of Justices of the Supreme Court of the United States ： ウィキペディア英語版 List of Justices of the Supreme Court of the United States The Supreme Court of the United States is the highest judicial body in the United States. Its membership consists of the Chief Justice of the United States and eight associate justices. The justices are nominated by the President of the United States and appointed after confirmation by the United States Senate. Justices of the Supreme Court have life tenure〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Article III )〕 and receive a salary which is set at $255,500 per year for the chief justice and at $244,400 per year for each associate justice as of 2014. On August 7, 2010, Justice Elena Kagan became the 112th justice to serve on the Court. The Supreme Court was created in 1789 by Article III of the United States Constitution, which stipulates that the "judicial Power of the United States, shall be vested in one supreme Court" together with any lower courts Congress may establish.〔 Congress organized the Court that year with the passage of the Judiciary Act of 1789. It specified the Court's original and appellate jurisdiction, created thirteen judicial districts, and fixed the number of justices at six (one chief justice and five associate justices).〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=About The Supreme Court )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Supreme Court Research Guide )〕 Since the passage of the Judiciary Act, Congress has occasionally altered the size of the Supreme Court, historically in response to the country's own expansion in size. Membership was decreased in 1801 to five, then increased to seven members in 1807, to nine in 1837, and to ten in 1863. It was then reduced to seven in 1866. In 1869, Congress set the Court's size to nine members, where it has remained since. While the justices of the Supreme Court are appointed for life, some choose to retire: a total of 54 have retired or resigned. The average age of newly appointed justices is about 53 years old. Historically, the average length of service on the Court has been less than 15 years; however, since 1970 the average length of service has increased to about 26 years. == List of justices == The following lists all justices aside from Edwin Stanton, who died before taking office. |borndied=192410011924–2005 |term=197201071972–2005 ( years) |chief term=198609261986–2005 |senior term=— |appointer=Nixon (associate) Reagan (chief)〔 |termination=Death |rowcolor=#FEF1B5 }} 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「List of Justices of the Supreme Court of the United States」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.